1. By the time they came, we __________ (wait) for hours.

2. If Ross __________ (study) harder, he would have passed the exam.

3. I wish I __________ (know) about that book earlier.

4. If it __________ (rain) tomorrow, we won't go to the park.

5. He asked me if I __________ (want) to travel abroad.

6. Rachael was going to the mall when Joey__________(see) her yesterday.

7. We had to catch a taxi because the bus __________ (arrive) late.

8. By this time next year, I __________ (graduate) from university.

9. I __________ (work) here since 2010.

10. He__________  (wait) for you all day.

`1.` had been waiting

`-` QKHTTD : (+) S + had + been + V-ing + ...
`2.` had studied
`3.` had known
`4.` rains
`5.` wanted
`6.` saw
`7.` arrived
`8.` will have graduated

`-` TLHT : S + will + have + VpII
`9.` have been working
`10.` has been waiting

HTHTTD : S + have/has + been + V-ing

QKD : S + was/were + going to + V...

QKD : S + V-ed/V2

Câu tường thuật : S + said + that + S + V (lùi thì)

Câu điều kiện loại `1:`
If + S +  V(s/es) + O, S +  will/can/... +  V_inf + O
Câu điều kiện loại `2:`
If + S + V-ed, S  + would/could/...+ V-inf + O
Câu điều kiện loại `3:`
If + S + had + Vpp/V-ed, S  + would/could/... + have + Vpp/V-ed + O...

`1)` had been waiting

`->` by the time + for hours + came `=>` QKHTTD

`->` S + had + been + V-ing ...

`2)` had studied

`->` If + S + had + V3, S + would have + V3 ... `=>` câu ĐK loại `3`

`3)` had known

`->` S + wish + S + V-lùi thì ...

`->` có earlier `=>` QKHT

`4)` rains

`->` If + S + V-s/es, S + will (not) + V-inf ... `=>` câu ĐK loại `1`

`5)` wanted

`->` S + asked (+O) + if + O + V-lùi thì ...

`6)` saw

`->` HĐ đi tttm bị xen bởi HĐ nhìn thấy `=>` QKĐ

`->` S + V-qk + ...

`7)` arrived

`->` do xe buýt muộn `=>` bắt taxi `=>` QKĐ

`->` S + V-qk + ...

`8)` will have graduated

`->` by the time + next year `=>` TLHT

`->` S + will have + V2 + ...

`9)` have worked

`->` since `2010` `=>` HTHT

`->` S + have/has + V3 ... ; I đi với have

`10)` has been waiting

`->` all day + vẫn đang chờ đợi `=>` HTHTTD

`->` S + have/has + been + V-ing ...

`-`

@magnetic