Ex1:

1/ They didn’t allow us to smoke in here.

=> They didn’t let ___________________________.

2/ My teacher advised buying that book.

=> My teacher advised us __________________.

3/ The thief forced the bank manager to lie on the ground.

=> The thief made __________________________.

4/ He has studied English for six years.

=> He began _____________________________.

5/ He spent two hours writing the essay.

=> It took ____________________________________________.

6/It’s not a good idea to travel during the rush hour.

=> It’s better to avoid____________________________________

1. Her boss doesn’t allow her to use the telephone

=> She ____________________________

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`1` They didn't let us smoke in here

`->` allow sb to do sth : cho phép ai làm gi

`->` let sb do sth : cho ai làm gi

`2` My teacher advised us to buy that book

`->` advised + V-ing : khuyên làm gi

`->` advised sb to do sth : khuyên ai làm gi

`3` The thief made the bank manager lie on the ground

`->` forced sb to do sth : bắt ai làm gi

`->` make sb do sth : khiến ai làm gi

`4` He began studying English six years ago

`->` S + has/have + V-II 

`->` began/started + V-ing : bắt đầu làm gi

`5` It took him two hours to write the essay

`->` S + spend/spent + số tg + V-ing : ai dành bao nhiêu tg làm gi

`->` It take/took + sb + số tg + to V : khiến ai mất bao nhiêu tg làm gi

`6` It’s better to avoid traveling during the rush hour

`->` It is + adj + to V

`->` avoid + V-ing : tránh làm gi

`7` She isn't allowed to use the telephone by her boss

`->` S + V(s/es)

`->` bđ : S + am/is/are + V-II + ( by O )

`1,` They didn’t let us smoke in here

- let sb do sth : cho phép ai làm gì

= allow sb to do sth : cho phép ai làm gì

`2,` My teacher advised us to buy that book

- advise doing sth : khuyên làm việc gì

- advise sb to do sth : khuyên ai làm gì 

`3,` The thief made the bank manager lie on the ground.

- forced sb to do sth : bắt ai làm việc gì

- make sb do sth : khiến ai làm việc gì

`4,` He began to study English six years ago

- S + started/began + V-ing/to V + O + time

= S + has/have + Vpp + O + for/since

`5,` It took him two hours to write the essay.

- It + takes + sb + time + to V : Ai đó mất bao nhiêu thời gian làm gì

= S + spends + time + V-ing : Ai đó dành thời gian làm gì

`6,` It's better to avoid traveling during rush hour.

- avoid sth/doing sth : tránh cái gì/làm gì 

- It's better to do sth : Tốt hơn để làm việc gì đó

`7,`  She isn't allowed to use the telephone by her boss.

- let sb do sth : cho phép ai làm gì

= allow sb to do sth : cho phép ai làm gì

- Câu bị động thì Hiện tại đơn : S + is/am/are + Vpp + (by O)