Ex 1. Turn into passive voices

1. The teacher gave each of us two exercise books.

2. Someone will tell him that news.

3. They have sent enough money to those poor boys.

4. They have given the women in most countries in the world the right to vote.

5. They rumored the man was still living.

6. People think that Jack London's life and writing's represent the American love of adventure.

7. They reported that the troops were coming.

8. People believed that the earth stood still.

9. The detective saw the woman putting the jewelry in her bag.

10. The terrorists made the hostages lie down.

11. Police advise drivers to use an alternative route.

12. She helps me to do all these difficult exercises.

`A`nswer :

`1.` Each of us was given two exercise books by the teacher.

`2.` He will be told that news by someone.

`3.` Enough money has been sent to those poor boys by them.

`4.` The right to vote has been given to the women in most co5untries in the world by them.

`5.` It was rumored that the man was still living.

`6.` It is thought that Jack London's life and writing represent the American love of adventure by people.

`7.` It was reported that the troops were coming.

`8.` It was believed that the earth stood still by people.

`9.` The woman was seen putting the jewelry in her bag by the detective.

`10.` The hostages were made to lie down by the terrorists.

`11.` Drivers are advised to use an alternative route by police.

`12.` I am helped to do all these difficult exercises by her.
$-----------------------$

`@` Kiến thức :

`-` Thì Hiện tại đơn :

`->` S `+` am/is/are `+` V`3`/ed `+` ( by `+` O )

`@` Lưu ý :

`->` I `+` am

`->` He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số ít/ Danh từ không đếm được `+` is

`->` You/ We/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều `+` are

`-` Thì hiện tại hoàn thành :

`->` S `+` have/has `+` been `+` V3/ed `+` ( by `+` O )

`@` Lưu ý :

`->` He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số ít / Danh từ không đếm được `+` has `+` V`3`

`->` I/ We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều `+` have `+` V3

`-` Thì quá khứ đơn :

`->` S `+` was/were `+` V3/ed `+` ( by `+` O )

`@` Lưu ý :

`->` I/ He/ She/ It / Danh từ số ít / Danh từ không đếm được `+` was `+` V3/ed

`->` We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều `+` were `+` V3/ed

`-` Chủ động : S`1` `+` V`1` `+` that `+` S`2` `+` V`2`

`-` Bị động :

`->` It is `+` V1-pII `+` that `+` S`2` `+` V`2`

`->` S`2` `+` is/am/are `+` V`1`-pII `+` to `+` V`2` (nguyên thể)

`->` S`2` `+` is/am/are `+` V`1`-pII `+` to have `+` V`2`-pII

`1.` Each of us was given two exercise books by the teacher. 

`-` BĐ QKĐ: S `+` was/were (not) `+` PII `+` (by O)

`2.` That news will be told to him.

`-` BĐ TLĐ: S `+` will (not) `+` be `+` PII `+` (by O)

`3.` Enough money has been sent to these poor boys.

`-` BĐ HTHT: S `+` have/has (not) `+` been `+` PII `+` (by O)

`4.` The women in most countries in the world have been given the right to vote.

`-` BĐ HTHT: S `+` have/has (not) `+` been `+` PII `+` (by O)

`5.` The man was rumored to be still living.

`6.` Jack London’s life and writing is thought to represent the American love of adventure.

`7.` The troops were reported to be coming.

`8.` The earth was believed to stand still.

`-------------------`

`-` Cấu trúc câu bị động chỉ ý kiến:

`->` CĐ: S `+` say/believe/think/ ... (chia) `+` S2 `+` V2 (chia)

`=` BĐ: It `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` S2 `+` V2(chia)

`=` S2 `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` to V/to have PII

`@` Chú ý: Nếu vế `2` ở thì QKĐ, hoặc khác thì ở cả `2` vế khi chuyển sang câu bị động bằng cách `2` thì sau "to" ta thêm "have PII".

`-` Nếu ở mệnh đề `2` ở câu chủ động là bị động ta có cấu trúc của `C2:`

`->` S2 `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` to be PII/to have been PII

`-` Đối với câu bị động ở dạng tiếp diễn ta có cấu trúc:

`->` S `+` be said/believed/thought/ ... `+` to be V-ing

`9.` The woman was seen putting the jewelry in her bag by the detective.

`-` Cấu trúc bị động với các động từ chỉ giác quan (see, hear, watch, look, notice,...) có `2` trường hợp người khác làm gì và chỉ thấy một phần của hành động`:`

`@` `TH1:` Ai đó chứng kiến động hoặc 1 hành động đang diễn ra thì hành động khác xen vào`:`

`-` Dạng chủ động: S `+` see/hear/watch/look/notice/... `+` sb `+` V-ing

`->` BĐ: Sb `+` tobe `+` PII (seen/heard/watched/looked/noticed/...) `+` Ving

`@` `TH2:` Ai đó chứng kiến người khác làm từ đầu đến cuối`:`
`-` Dạng chủ động: S `+` see/hear/wacth/look/notice/... `+` sb `+` V-inf

`->` BĐ: Sb `+` tobe + Vp2 (seen/heard/watched/looked/noticed) `+` to V

`10.` The hostages were made to lie down by the terrorists.

`-` BĐ QKĐ: S `+` was/were (not) `+` PII `+` (by O)

`->` Be made to do sth (by O) `:` Bị bắt làm gì ( bởi ai) ...

`11.` Drivers are advised to use an alternative route by police.

`->` Be advised to do sth (by O) `:` Được khuyên làm gì (bởi ai ...)

`-` BĐ HTĐ: S `+` am/is/are (not) `+` PII `+` (by O)

`12.` I am helped to do all these difficult exercises.

`->` Be helped to do sth (by O) `:` Được giúp làm gì (bởi ai ...)

`-` BĐ HTĐ: S `+` am/is/are (not) `+` PII `+` (by O)