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`1.` What about going on a picnic this summer?

`-` Shall we +  V_inf + O?
`=`  What about + V_ing + O?
`->` Gợi ý, đề nghị làm gì

`2.` ought not to eat too much candy

`-` should (not) do sth `=` ought (not) to do sth : (không) nên làm gì

`3.` My father drives carefully

`-` S + tobe + (a/an) + adj + N

`=` S + V + adv

`4.` My brother prefers listening to music to watching TV
`-` prefer doing sth to doing sth : thích làm gì hơn làm gì

`5.` How much does this history book cost?

`-` How much + tobe + N?

`=` How much  + do/does + N + cost?

`->` hỏi giá cả

`1.2.` In spite of being exhausted, he will go for a walk with his father

`-` Although + S + V + O, S + V + O

`=` In spite of/ Despite + N/V_ing, S + V + O

`->` mặc dù

`2.2.` Electricity will be provided for local people by the hydro power station

`-` Bị động với TLĐ: S + will be + V3/ed + (by + O)

1 What about going on a picnic this summer?

- Shall we + V? = What about + Ving?: đề nghị làm gì

2 You ought not to eat too much candy.

- S + should not + V = S + ought not + to V: không nên làm gì  

3 My father drives carefully.

- S + be + (a/an) + adj + N = S + V + adv

4 My brother prefers listening to music to watching TV.

- S + prefer + Ving + to + Ving: thích làm gì hơn làm gì

5 How much does that history book cost?

- Hỏi giá:

-> How much + be + N?

-> How much + do/does + N + cost?

- Chủ ngữ "that history book" là số ít -> trợ động từ "does"

1 In spite of being exhausted, he will go for a walk with his father.

- Although + S + V, S + V = In spite of + N/Ving, S + V: Mặc dù

2 Electricity will be provided for local people by the hydro power station.

- Bị động tương lai đơn:

-> (+) S + will be + V3/ed + (by O)