chuyển sang bị động

1 Have the thieves stolen the most valuable painting in the national museum?

2 He hasn’t broken his nose in a football match.

3 Marry has operated Tom since 10 o’clock.

4 This is the second time they have written to us about this.

5 Mr. Smith has taught us French for two year.

6 They have written a lot of novels

7 We have not cleaned these rooms

8 Have you ever eaten that fruit

9 He has planted some green trees in the garden

10 You have fed the pigs

11 They have eaten a big breakfast

 

`1.` Has the most valuable painting in the national museum been stolen by the thieves?

`2.` His nose hasn’t been broken in a football match.

`3.` Tom has been operated by Marry since 10 o’clock.

`4.` This is the second time we have been written to about this.

`5.` We have been taught French by Mr. Smith for two years.

`6.` A lot of novels have been written by them.

`7.` These rooms haven't been cleaned by us.

`8.` Has that fruit ever been eaten by you?

`9.` Some green trees have been planted in the garden by him.

`10.` The pigs have been fed by you.

`11.` A big breakfast has been eaten by them.

`-----------`

`***` Chủ động thì HTHT: S + have/has + Vpp + O

`->` Bị động thì HTHT: S (từ O) + have/has + been + Vpp + (by + O (từ S) )

`->` Phủ định:  S + haven't/hasn't + been + Vpp + (by + O)

`->` Nghi vấn: (WH-) + have/has + S + been + Vpp + (by + O)?

`-` 'has' dùng với S số ít, 'have' dùng với S số nhiều

`-` Các đại từ bất định (VD. someone, somebody, everyone, v.v) hoặc đôi khi các từ như 'they, we, v.v' không cần thiết phải dùng 'by + O'

`-` Trạng từ chỉ thời gian đứng sau 'by + O', chỉ nơi chốn đứng trước 'by + O'

1. Has the most valuable painting been stolen in the national museum by the thieves?

2. His nose hasn't been broken in a football match by him.

3. Tom has been operated by Marry since 10 o'clock.

4. This is the second time we have been written to about this.

5. We have been taught French by Mr. Smith for two years.

6. A lot of novels have been written.

7. These rooms have not been cleaned.

8. Has that fruit been ever eaten?

9. Some green trees have been planted in the garden by him.

10. The pigs have been fed.

11. A big breakfast has been eaten. 

------

$\bullet$ Cấu trúc bị động hiện tại hoàn thành 

(+) S + has/have + been + PII ( by O )

(-) S + has/have + not + been + PII ( by O )

(?) Has/Have + S + been + PII ( by O )?

- N (số ít) + has ; N (số nhiều) + have 

- Tân ngữ "by O" chỉ chung chung, không xác định có thể được lược bỏ.