Write an article for a newspaper about an explorer who found ancient treasure in Sơn Đoòng cave. E cần gấp mai nộp r. Nhanh + đúng = 5 sao + 1 camon + 1 ctlhn ạ

Howard Limbert is a British cave explorer, he is the leader of the BCRA (British Cave and Research Association) expedition team. The entrance of Son Doong Cave was found by a local man named Ho Khanh on December 10, 1990, Ho Khanh then lost the location and direction of the cave until 2008 he found it again. In 2009, Ho Khanh led members of the BCRA expedition to explore the cave - at the time, they didn't realize it was the largest cave in the world until they finished surveying and measuring it. Howard is happy to tell you his story about his discovery of Son Doong Cave.

The discovery and exploration of this wonderful cave is the highlight of the British cavers success in Vietnam. However, the cave did not give up its secrets easily. Our team had explored the huge Hang En cave in 1994 and the river that goes through this cave sinks in an enclosed valley with no way in at the sink. This is completely blocked, by rocks and trees washed in during floods that occur every year during the wet season. From where the water sinks to where it resurges was a 10km gap in the map. Hence, we knew a cave should exist in these mountains but until 2009 we had not discovered any entrance that lead to a cave.

In our previous expeditions, we had met Mr. Ho Khanh who told us about a cave in the area, which had wind and cloud blowing out of the entrance. He discovered the entrance in 1990 when he was alone in the jungle searching for valuable wood. When he was caught in a thunderstorm, he sheltered at a base of a large cliff and it was then that he discovered the entrance. He did not enter the cave, as at the entrance was a deep and difficult climb down. He however told me this story and with his help we searched for this illusive entrance. It took many years to rediscover the entrance due to the remote location and dense jungle vegetation.

When we returned to Phong Nha in 2009 we met Mr. Ho Khanh who told me he had finally found the entrance. On our caving expeditions, we have a number of teams that enter the jungle searching for new caves. I sent a team of 5 along with Mr. Ho Khanh to visit this cave and a number of other caves he had found.

During the initial exploration Hang Son Doong the main passage in Hang Son Doong was explored up to the great wall of Vietnam. This involved long and difficult trips into the cave sometimes exploring for 20 hours. As we explore new caves we make an accurate map of the cave using laser instruments for measurement. After the initial exploration other members of the expedition entered the cave to explore the lower river series as well as any side passages all of which we surveyed. Also a team visited to take some photographs of this amazing discovery. When we calculated our measurements we realised we had found something quite special and probably the largest cave in the world.

None of our team had seen any cave quite so enormous or beautiful as this cave. The two dolines in the cave are unique and allow light to enter showing the spectacular beauty of the cave.

Myself and Mr. Ho Khanh along with the head of the Ban Doong village decided on the name of the cave which translates in English to Mountain River cave.

After the discovery of the cave, much interest was generated about the discovery of the new largest cave in the world and many people wished to visit. So in 2010 we brought a National Geographic film team and photographers to Hang Son Doong. This took over 1 month in the cave to complete. As well as assisting in the film and photography the team managed to climb the difficult great wall of Vietnam , a climb of 95m. At the top of the great wall we explored another 500m of huge passage to an exit in the jungle thus completing a complete traverse of the cave.

The film and especially National Geographic magazine helped promote Hang Son Doong to the world and from this time many tourists came to visit the Phong Nha Ke bang National Park. The once very poor province of Quang Binh suddenly became famous and became a big attraction to foreign visitors.

Oxalis was formed in 2011 and we decided to come and stay in Phong Nha and try and help the local people with jobs. This was achieved with the great help of Mr. Chau A who promoted adventure tourism and large numbers of people started to make their way to Phong Nha to enjoy these adventure tours exploring caves both inside and outside the National Park. This has been an incredible success story, it has changed the lives of many local people. Instead of doing illegal activities in the jungle they now obtained jobs as porters and guides looking after tourists. Along with caves such as Phong Nha cave and Paradise cave and Dark Cave Phong Nha has grown to be one of the fastest growing tourist destinations in Vietnam.

Hang Son Doong, this magnificent cave was the main reason for the promotion of tourism in this wonderful World Heritage site.

Nowadays access to Hang Son Doong is strictly controlled to preserve this special place. Only 1,000 people per year are allowed to visit under strict control with a maximum group size of 10 people. These 10 people are looked after by a large team of safety experts and porters.

Numerous films including Hollywood have visited and filmed in the cave helping not only Quang Binh but the whole of Vietnam promoting tourism.

When we started exploring caves in Vietnam we had no idea that Vietnam would become our home. We have seen such enormous changes in the country in the last 30 years we have been exploring caves in Vietnam. We do hope that conservation continues to preserve these natural wonders of the world and the work of the British cavers will continue and maybe more amazing discoveries are still awaiting exploration deep in the Phong Nha Ke Bang National Park.

Ho Khanh (the person who discovered Son Doong Cave) was born in 1969 in Phong Nha village, Son Trach commune (now called Phong Nha town), Bo Trach district, Quang Binh province. The lives of Phong Nha people before 1997 were very difficult, agricultural production often did not have enough food, transportation was not convenient, there was no electricity, and schools and clinics were very simple. Like hundreds of other households here, Ho Khanh and his family rely mainly on rice fields and forests to make ends meet.

Phu Tram profession
Since the 1980s, in Phong Nha, the movement to find agarwood has expanded in the forests in the limestone mountains along the Vietnam-Laos border. Agarwood is a rare forest product and expensive wine. People go into the forest to exploit it and resell it to traders and producers in China and Middle Eastern countries. Most men in Phong Nha village and many other villages in Quang Binh flock to the forest to find this precious wood with the dream of changing their lives. Mr. Khanh and many of his fellow agarwood friends have also made many trips to find agarwood in the vast forests along the border of Quang Binh (Vietnam) and Kham Muon (Laos).

Trips usually last about 10 days to 2 months depending on the terrain as well as the scarcity of the wind gourd tree (the tree species that produces agarwood oil). On such trips, young Ho Khanh back then often carried 50-60kg of luggage including food recipes and survival items in the old forests. At that time, the royal forests along the border did not have regulations on forest management and protection, so people who went into the forest to exploit wood or forest resources were called "Woodmen", "Son Trang", in Phong Nha. Nha is simply called "the person who goes deep".

Like the people of Phong Nha at that time, he was also an agarwood seller.
Later, by chance he found Son Doong Cave and now he is the captain of the Son Doong tour porter team.
Like the people of Phong Nha at that time, he was also an agarwood seller.

Profession "forest pirate"
In 1993, Quang Binh Province decided to establish Phong Nha Nature Reserve and build a ranger force to protect the forest. In 2001, the Prime Minister decided to establish Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park. From now on, all activities of exploiting forest products and hunting wild animals in this area are considered illegal and prohibited. People who make life difficult so they have to secretly go into the forest to hunt and steal forest products are called "forest thieves".

The lives of many Phong Nha residents including Mr. Ho Khanh returned. It is more difficult and difficult to find a new livelihood plan because since ancient times, people here have relied on the products of the mountains and forests. Many people wander around the forest poaching, logging or carrying bombs and if caught and prosecuted, they will go to prison for 5 to 10 years.

Fate with limestone caves
Foresters who often go to any area will cut down trees and build tents to stay overnight. They do this to prevent wild animals or snakes from attacking at night when people are sleeping. However, there were many trips where they encountered many thunderstorms and floods that swept away their camp, and the cave was an ideal place for the lumbermen to stay temporarily.

Opposite Ho Khanh, besides searching for agarwood, he had a special interest in caves. Phong Nha forest is interspersed between many limestone ranges with many streams running through it, so there are many caves in the area along with water sources, but there is little need outside. So on every trip to the forest, he often spends more time in caves and searching for water sources inside the cave - "Finding water to use is the most important thing in every trip to the forest", Mr. Khanh shared. Share. Finding people who request the mountain range requires skill and Ho Khanh is a person with great forestry energy with good intelligence and memory: remembers the route well, remembers the characteristics of the mountain peaks and can Highly accurate measurement of the path to the cave, length, width...

Ho Khanh's journey to find Son Doong Cave
In early December 1990, during a trip to find agarwood, Mr. Khanh encountered a heavy rain forcing him to find a stone to temporarily shelter from the rain. While sheltering from the rain here, he saw columns of fog and cold air rushing out from inside the mouth of the cave, making him very scared. These scenes followed him for many years to come.

In 2007, Mr. Howard Limbert, head of the Anglo-Vietnamese cave expedition in Phong Nha, went around the village to ask the mountain people. If they found a cave while searching for agarwood, the Cong expedition would hire them. to provide guidance to surveying and measuring experts. Ho Khanh told Mr. Howard about the scene he witnessed in 1990 and Mr. Howard commented that this could be a great motivation and asked Ho Khanh to find and mark the location to lead the expedition. reference . After that, Ho Khanh spent a lot of time and made many trips to find the location of the rock where his grandfather used to fall, but all failed. In 2008, Ho Khanh found the window and carefully marked it