`18.` Not only _____________ horrific damage, but they also caused problems with Japanese nuclear power plants. A. the earthquake and tsunami have caused B. has the earthquake and tsunami caused C. have caused the earthquake and tsunami D. have the earthquake and tsunami caused `19.` George made a bad mistake at work, but his boss didn't fire him. He was lucky _____________ a second chance. A. having given B. having been given C. to have given D. to have been given