1, The team ..................... (prepare) for the big game for weeks, but they were still feeling nervous as they stepped onto the field. 2, By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie .................... (already/ start) and we .................... (miss) the beginning.

`1.` had been preparing

`->` hành động (chuẩn bị) đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ, xảy ra liên tục kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian, và kết thúc trong qk `->` thì QKHTTD:
`(+)` S + had + been + V-ing

`2.` had already started `-` had missed

`->` hành động xảy ra trước hành động khác trong quá khứ `->` thì QKHT:
By the time + S + Ved/V2, S + had + P2

`->` QKHT `+` and `+` QKHT

`1.` has been preparing

`-` for weeks `->` HTHT tiếp diễn

`(+)` S + have/has + been + V-ing

`-` Chủ ngữ số `->` dùng has

`2.` had already start - had missed

`-` By the time + QKĐ, QKHT

`(+)` S + had + Ved/3